[单选题]Thebeautyofsoftwareisinitsfunction,initsinternalstructure,andinthewayinwhichitiscreatedbyateam.Toauser,aprogramwithjusttherightfeaturespresentedthroughanintuitiveand(71)interfaceisbeautiful.Toasoftwaredesigner,aninternalstructurethatispartitionedinasimpleandintuitivemanner,andthatminimizesinternalcouplingisbeautiful.Todevelopersandmanagers,amotivatedteamofdevelopersmakingsignificantprogresseveryweek,andproducingdefect-freecode,isbeautiful.Thereisbeautyonalltheselevels.
Ourworldneedssoftware--lotsofsoftware.Fiftyyearsagosoftwarewassomethingthatraninafewbigandexpensivemachines.Thirtyyearsagoitwassomethingthatraninmostcompaniesandindustrialsettings.Nowthereissoftwarerunninginourcellphones,watches,appliances,automobiles,toys,andtools.Andneedfornewandbettersoftwarenever(作答此空).Asourcivilizationgrowsandexpands,asdevelopingnationsbuildtheirinfrastructures,asdevelopednationsstrivetoachieveevergreaterefficiencies,theneedformoreandmoreSoftware(73)toincrease.Itwouldbeagreatshameif,inallthatsoftware，therewasnobeauty.
Weknowthatsoftwarecanbeugly.Weknowthatitcanbehardtouse,unreliable,andcarelesslystructured.Weknowthattherearesoftwaresystemswhosetangledandcarelessinternalstructuresmakethemexpensiveanddifficulttochange.Weknowthattherearesoftwaresystemsthatpresenttheirfeaturesthroughanawkwardandcumbersomeinterface.Weknowthattherearesoftwaresystemsthatcrashandmisbehave.Theseare(74)systems.Unfortunately,asaprofession,softwaredeveloperstendtocreatemoreuglysystemsthanbeautifulones.
Thereisasecretthatthebestsoftwaredevelopersknow.Beautyischeaperthanugliness.Beautyisfasterthanugliness.Abeautifulsoftwaresystemcanbebuiltandmaintainedinlesstime,andforlessmoney,thananuglyone.Novicesoftwaredevelopersdon'tunderstandthis.Theythinkthattheyhavetodoeverythingfastandquick.Theythinkthatbeautyis(75).No!Bydoingthingsfastandquick,theymakemessesthatmakethesoftwarestiff,andhardtounderstand,Beautifulsystemsareflexibleandeasytounderstand.Buildingthemandmaintainingthemisajoy.Itisuglinessthatisimpractical.Uglinesswillslowyoudownandmakeyoursoftwareexpensiveandbrittle.Beautifulsystemscosttheleastbuildandmaintain,andaredeliveredsoonest.